Lewis Mumford's massive historical study brings together a wide array of evidence--from the earliest group habitats to medieval towns to the modern centers of commerce (as well as dozens of black-and-white illustrations)--to show how the urban form has changed throughout human civilization. His tone is ultimately somewhat pessimistic: Mumford was deeply concerned with what he viewed as the dehumanizing aspects of the metropolitan trend, which he deemed "a world of professional illusionists and their credulous victims." (In another typically unrestrained criticism, he dubbed the Pentagon a Bronze Age monument to humanity's basest impulses, as well as an "effete and worthless baroque conceit.") Mumford hoped for a rediscovery of urban principles that emphasized humanity's organic relationship to its environment. The City in History remains a powerfully influential work, one that has shaped the agendas of urban planners, sociologists, and social critics since its publication in the 1960s.

刘易斯·芒福德(lewis murnford)1895年10月19日出生于美国纽约长岛符拉兴镇。高中毕业后，从1912年至1918年先后就读于纽约城市学院和哥伦比亚大学，并在纽约大学学习过社会研究。1914年开始接受著名生物学家、教育家、城市与区域规划科学的先驱之一帕特里克·格迪斯的启蒙影响。1923年芒福德成为美国区域规划协会的基本会员。1938年发表《城市文化》一书，从此享誉世界。他强调城市规划的主导思想应重视各种人文因素，从而促使欧洲的城市设计重新确定方向。第二次大战前后，他的著作被波兰、荷兰、希腊等国家一些组织当作教材，培养了新一代的规划师。芒福德曾被许多英语国家的重要建筑和城市规划机构聘为荣誉成员。 1951—1959年，芒福德任宾夕法尼亚大学城市规划教授；1959—1 961年任研究教授；1961—1964年先后在加利福尼亚大学和威斯雷因大学任研究教授。芒福德的贡献和影响远远超出城市研究和城市规划的领域，而深入到哲学、历史、社会、文化等诸多方面。他曾十余次获得重要的研究奖和学术创作奖，其中包括1961年获英国皇家建筑学金奖，1971年获莱昂纳多·达芬奇奖章和1972年获美国国家文学奖章。